Wear and Tear (Degenerative Joint Disease)

Degenerative joint disease is primarily caused by the natural aging process, as the cartilage within joints gradually breaks down over time. However, several factors can accelerate wear and tear, including previous joint injuries, repetitive use, and excessive weight, all of which place added stress on the joints. Athletes and individuals in physically demanding jobs are particularly susceptible due to the repetitive impact on specific joints.
Genetics also play a role, as those with a family history of osteoarthritis may be more likely to develop the condition. Additionally, muscle imbalances and joint misalignment can contribute to uneven pressure on the cartilage, hastening its deterioration. Chronic inflammatory conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, can further damage the cartilage, increasing the likelihood of developing degenerative joint disease.
Lifestyle factors, such as obesity and lack of physical activity, contribute to joint stress, especially in weight-bearing joints. Maintaining a healthy weight and engaging in regular, low-impact exercises can help protect joints from premature wear and tear.

Diagnosing degenerative joint disease typically involves a physical examination and an assessment of the patient’s medical history, symptoms, and lifestyle factors. The clinician may assess joint movement, look for swelling or tenderness, and observe any visible deformities, which can indicate cartilage loss or bone spur formation.
Imaging tests, such as X-rays, MRI, and CT scans, are commonly used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of joint damage. X-rays reveal cartilage loss, joint space narrowing, and bone spurs, which are key indicators of degenerative joint disease. MRI provides a detailed view of the joint’s soft tissues, allowing the clinician to assess the degree of cartilage damage and detect any inflammation within the joint.
In some cases, blood tests may be conducted to rule out other forms of arthritis, such as rheumatoid arthritis or gout, which can present with similar symptoms but have different underlying causes and treatment approaches.

Treatment for degenerative joint disease aims to relieve pain, reduce inflammation, and improve joint function. Initial treatment often involves lifestyle modifications, such as weight management and low-impact exercises, to reduce joint stress and strengthen the muscles surrounding the affected joint. Gentle exercises, like swimming, cycling, and stretching, can help improve flexibility and maintain joint mobility without placing excessive strain on the joint.
Physical therapy is also beneficial for patients with degenerative joint disease, focusing on exercises that improve strength, balance, and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles around the affected joint provides better support and reduces stress on the cartilage. Ergonomic adjustments and assistive devices, such as braces or orthotics, may be recommended to further protect the joint.
For pain management, non-surgical options like corticosteroid injections or hyaluronic acid injections are effective in providing temporary relief from inflammation and joint stiffness. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) therapy and other regenerative treatments are emerging options that aim to stimulate tissue repair within the joint. In advanced cases where joint damage is severe, surgical intervention, such as joint replacement, may be necessary to restore function and alleviate pain.

Booking an initial consultation at The Clinica is the first step toward effective management of degenerative joint disease. During this session, our specialist will perform a comprehensive evaluation, discussing your symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle factors that may contribute to joint stress. A thorough physical examination will help identify the extent of the condition and guide the next steps.
If required, imaging tests like X-rays or MRI will be arranged to confirm the diagnosis and assess the degree of cartilage loss. Based on these findings, a personalised treatment plan will be developed, focusing on pain relief, rehabilitation, and strategies to maintain joint health and prevent further degeneration.