Achilles Tendon Pain

Achilles tendon pain is commonly caused by repetitive strain or sudden increase in physical activity, especially in individuals who engage in high-impact sports or intense exercise. Running, jumping, and sudden pivoting movements place significant stress on the tendon, leading to microtears and inflammation. Training errors, such as increasing workout intensity too quickly or improper warm-up routines, are frequent contributing factors.
Poor footwear or inadequate arch support can also strain the Achilles tendon, as can running on hard surfaces or uneven terrain. Biomechanical issues, such as tight calf muscles or flat feet, can further exacerbate the condition by placing additional pressure on the tendon.
Age is another factor, as the Achilles tendon becomes less flexible and resilient with time, increasing susceptibility to injury. Conditions like obesity and high cholesterol levels have also been linked to Achilles tendon issues, potentially weakening the tendon structure and increasing the likelihood of pain.

Diagnosing Achilles tendon pain begins with a physical examination, where the clinician assesses the ankle for signs of tenderness, swelling, and range of motion. The specialist may perform specific tests, such as the Thompson test, where gentle squeezing of the calf muscle can indicate a tendon rupture if there’s no response in the foot.
Imaging tests, such as ultrasound and MRI, are often used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the injury. Ultrasound provides real-time imaging of the tendon, allowing the clinician to detect inflammation, microtears, or tendon thickening. MRI is particularly valuable in diagnosing partial or complete tendon ruptures, as it offers detailed images of the soft tissue structures.
In some cases, X-rays may be recommended to rule out other conditions, such as bone spurs or fractures, which can contribute to Achilles tendon pain. These diagnostic tests help guide the treatment plan and estimate the recovery timeline.

Treatment for Achilles tendon pain focuses on reducing pain and inflammation, promoting healing, and strengthening the affected area to prevent future injuries. Initial treatment often includes rest, ice application, and over-the-counter pain relievers. Avoiding activities that strain the Achilles tendon is essential for recovery, especially in cases of acute pain.
Physical therapy is a cornerstone of Achilles tendon recovery, with exercises designed to strengthen the calf muscles, improve flexibility, and support the tendon. Eccentric strengthening exercises, where the tendon is lengthened under load, have proven particularly effective for Achilles tendinitis, as they stimulate tendon healing. Stretching exercises targeting the calf muscles are also essential to reduce tension on the Achilles tendon.
In chronic or severe cases, non-surgical treatments like extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) may be recommended. ESWT uses sound waves to stimulate blood flow and promote healing in the damaged tissue. For cases of a partial or complete Achilles tendon rupture, surgical repair may be necessary. Post-surgical rehabilitation is crucial to regain strength and restore full function.

Booking an initial consultation at The Clinica is the first step toward effective management of Achilles tendon pain. During this consultation, our specialist will conduct a thorough evaluation, discussing your symptoms and reviewing your medical history to identify contributing factors. A physical examination of the ankle and calf will help pinpoint the location and severity of the injury.
If necessary, imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI will be arranged to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment. Based on these findings, a personalised treatment plan will be developed, focusing on pain relief, rehabilitation, and strategies to support long-term tendon health.