Lower Back Pain

The causes of lower back pain can be divided into mechanical issues, lifestyle factors, and underlying medical conditions. Mechanical issues, such as muscle strain, ligament sprains, and herniated discs, are common sources of lower back pain. These injuries often occur due to lifting heavy objects improperly, sudden movements, or prolonged sitting.
Lifestyle factors, including poor posture, physical inactivity, and obesity, can place additional strain on the lower back. Lack of core strength and flexibility can contribute to muscle imbalances that affect spinal alignment and increase the risk of pain. Psychological factors, such as stress and anxiety, can also play a role, leading to muscle tension and discomfort in the lower back.
Underlying medical conditions, including arthritis, spinal stenosis, and scoliosis, are chronic sources of lower back pain. These conditions affect the structure and function of the spine, leading to ongoing pain and limited mobility. Identifying the cause of lower back pain is essential for effective management and long-term relief.

Diagnosing lower back pain begins with a physical examination and an evaluation of symptoms, medical history, and lifestyle factors. The clinician may assess your posture, range of motion, and areas of tenderness to identify possible sources of pain. Observing the way you move can provide valuable information about any structural or mechanical issues.
Imaging tests, such as X-rays, MRI, and CT scans, are commonly used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the extent of damage within the lower back. X-rays help identify bone abnormalities, such as fractures or signs of arthritis, while MRI provides detailed imaging of the soft tissues, including discs, muscles, and nerves. MRI is particularly useful for detecting herniated discs or nerve compression.
In some cases, nerve conduction studies may be conducted to assess nerve function and detect potential nerve damage. Blood tests may also be recommended to rule out infections or inflammatory conditions that could be contributing to the pain.

Effective treatment for lower back pain is tailored to each patient’s needs, focusing on relieving pain, improving flexibility, and strengthening the muscles supporting the spine. Initial treatment often includes rest, application of ice or heat, and over-the-counter pain relievers to manage mild pain and reduce inflammation. Modifying activities that aggravate the pain is essential for initial recovery.
Physical therapy is a key component of lower back pain management, with exercises designed to strengthen the core, improve flexibility, and correct posture. Core-strengthening exercises help stabilise the spine, reducing the risk of future strain and providing better support for the lower back. Stretching routines target tight muscles, while strengthening exercises build endurance, making the lower back more resilient.
In cases of chronic lower back pain, non-surgical treatments like corticosteroid injections, spinal decompression, or radiofrequency ablation may provide longer-lasting relief. These treatments help reduce inflammation and alleviate pressure on the nerves. For severe cases where conservative treatments have not been effective, surgical intervention may be considered, particularly for herniated discs or spinal stenosis. Post-surgical rehabilitation is essential to restore mobility and support recovery.

Booking an initial consultation at The Clinica is the first step toward managing lower back pain effectively. During this consultation, our specialist will conduct a thorough evaluation, discuss your symptoms, and review your medical history to identify potential causes and contributing factors. A comprehensive physical examination of the lower back will help determine the source of pain and assess its severity.
If necessary, imaging tests will be arranged to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment. Based on these findings, a personalised treatment plan will be developed, focusing on pain relief, rehabilitation, and long-term strategies to support lower back health and prevent recurrence.